After engineers surveyed various possible locations for the terminus, the "zero milepost" was driven into the ground in what is now Five Points. The initial route was to run southward from Chattanooga to a terminus east of the Chattahoochee River, which would be linked to Savannah. In 1836, the Georgia General Assembly voted to build the Western and Atlantic Railroad in order to provide a link between the port of Savannah and the Midwest. This has altered the city's demographics, politics, aesthetic, and culture. The gentrification of some Atlanta neighborhoods, initially spurred by the 1996 Summer Olympics, has intensified in the 21st century with the growth of the Atlanta Beltline.
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Atlanta's economy is considered diverse, with dominant sectors that include aerospace, transportation, logistics, film and television production, media operations, professional and business services, medical services, and information technology. With a gross domestic product (GDP) of $406 billion, Atlanta has the 10th largest economy in the U.S. During the modern era, Atlanta has attained international prominence as a major air transportation hub, with Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport being the world's busiest airport by passenger traffic since 1998. During the 1950s and 1960s, Atlanta became a major organizing center of the civil rights movement, with Martin Luther King Jr., Ralph David Abernathy, and many other locals playing major roles in the movement's leadership. However, the city rose from its ashes and quickly became a national center of commerce and the unofficial capital of the " New South". Toward the end of the American Civil War, in November 1864, most of the city was burned to the ground in General William T. The city's name derives from that of the Western and Atlantic Railroad's local depot, signifying the town's growing reputation as a transportation hub. With rapid expansion, however, it soon became the convergence point among multiple railroads, spurring its rapid growth. Ītlanta was originally founded as the terminus of a major state-sponsored railroad. Situated among the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains, Atlanta features unique topography that includes rolling hills and the most dense urban tree coverage in the United States. Atlanta is the seat of Fulton County, the most populous county in Georgia. The city serves as the cultural and economic center of the Atlanta metropolitan area, home to more than six million people and the ninth-largest metropolitan area in the nation. With a 2020 census population of 498,715, it is the 38th most populous city in the United States. Hartsfield Jackson Atlanta International AirportĪtlanta ( / æ t ˈ l æ n t ə/ at- LAN-tə) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S.
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